ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING MILLENNIAL AND GEN Z EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN A GLOBAL WORK ENVIRONMENT
Keywords:
Millennial, Gen Z Global Employee, Engagement Global Work EnvironmentAbstract
This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the engagement of Millennial and Generation Z employees within the complex and multicultural context of the global work environment. Employing a quantitative approach with a survey method, data were collected from 400 respondents working in multinational organizations with operations across various countries. Multiple regression analysis revealed that Global Career Development, Global Work Flexibility, Global Inclusive Culture, Adaptive Global Leadership, Global Technology and Virtual Collaboration, and Global Meaning and Impact of Work significantly affect Global Employee Engagement (Adjusted R Square =0.781, F(6,393)=238.472, p<0.001). Among these factors, Adaptive Global Leadership (β = 0.321) had the strongest influence, followed by Global Inclusive Culture (β = 0.268) and Global Meaning and Impact of Work (β = 0.230). These findings underscore the importance of a holistic approach in global talent management that considers various aspects of the work experience to enhance the engagement of young employees. This research provides valuable insights and evidence-based recommendations for multinational organizations in designing more effective strategies to foster the engagement of Millennials and Generation Z, ultimately contributing to sustainable competitive advantage
References
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources model: State of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328.
Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2008). Towards a model of work engagement. Career Development International, 13(3), 209-223.
Bakker, A. B., & Oerlemans, W. G. M. (2023). Job crafting and proactive work behavior: A meta-analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 144, 103914.
Bailey, C., Madden, A., Alfes, K., & Robinson, D. (2017). The meaning, antecedents and consequences of employee engagement: A narrative synthesis. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(1), 31-53.
Benson, J., & Craig, E. (2016). The role of corporate social responsibility in attracting and retaining generation Y employees: A literature review. Journal of World Business, 51(6), 901-912.
Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Transaction Publishers.
Byrne, D. (1971). The attraction paradigm. Academic Press.
Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S., & Slaughter, J. E. (2022). Work engagement: A meta-analysis of construct proliferation, nomological network expansion, and research agenda. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 43(1), 4-31.
Deal, J. J., Altman, D. G., & Rogelberg, S. G. (2010). Millennials at work: What you need to know. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(2), 201-216.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268.
Earley, P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: Individual interactions across cultures. Stanford University Press.
Hakanen, J. J., Bakker, A. B., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2006). Burnout and work engagement among teachers. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 76(3), 495-513.
Hershatter, A., & Bausch, P. (2017). The Gen Z guide to the workplace. McGraw Hill Professional.
Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture's consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations (2nd ed.). Sage Publications.
Kahn, W. A. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. Academy of Management Journal, 33(4), 692-724.
Kupperschmidt, B. R. (2000). Understanding generations: A review and research agenda. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 15(1), 65-84.
Lancaster, L. C., & Stillman, D. (2002). When generations collide: Who they are, why they clash, how to solve the generational puzzle at work. HarperBusiness.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.
Maznevski, M. L., & Chudoba, K. M. (2000). Bridging space over time: Global virtual team dynamics and effectiveness. Organization Science, 11(5), 473-492.
Parker, K., & Igielnik, R. (2020). On the cusp of adulthood: What we know about Gen Z so far. Pew Research Center.
Saks, A. M., Uggerslev, K. L., & Rothmann, I. (2011). Antecedents and consequences of employee engagement across cultures. Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 18(3), 277-298.
Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71-92.
Seemiller, C., & Grace, M. (2016). Generation Z goes to college. John Wiley & Sons.
Turner, A. (2018). Generation Z: Technology and its impact on their workplace expectations. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 6(04), 203-213.
Twenge, J. M. (2010). Generation Me: Why today's young adults are more confident, assertive, entitled—and more miserable than ever before. Simon and Schuster.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Cakrawala Ilmiah

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.