OPTIMIZATION OF POWER CONTROL TO ENSURE STABLE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN MICRO-HYDRO POWER PLANT

Nota Effiandi; Rahmat Hafiz; Mutiara Efendi; Vamellia Sari Indah Negara; Reodhy Hamzah

Authors

Nota Effiandi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic State of Padang, Indonesia
Rahmat Hafiz Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic State of Padang, Indonesia
Mutiara Efendi Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic State of Padang, Indonesia
Vamellia Sari Indah Negara Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic State of Padang, Indonesia
Reodhy Hamzah Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic State of Padang, Indonesia

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Abstract

A This study proposes an optimization-based power control strategy to enhance voltage and frequency stability in micro-hydro power plants (MHPP). The approach integrates multi-objective optimization, adaptive control, predictive algorithms, and robust mechanisms to overcome instability caused by load and water flow variations. System modeling and simulation were performed in MATLAB/Simulink, followed by experimental validation on a laboratory-scale prototype. Results show significant improvements compared to conventional PID and fixed-gain Electronic Load Controllers (ELC), reducing voltage and frequency deviations by up to 69% and 67%, respectively. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) decreased to 3.8%, power factor improved to 0.93, and overall efficiency reached 87.2%. The method proved effective, stable, and feasible for real-time microcontroller implementation, offering a reliable solution for isolated and rural MHPP systems.

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